The F-1 is the standard student visa for international students attending accredited US colleges and universities. But it's much more than just a study permit, the F-1's real power lies in the work opportunities it unlocks after graduation.
Every F-1 student is eligible for 12 months of Optional Practical Training (OPT), which lets you work full-time in a job directly related to your field of study. If your degree is in a STEM field (science, technology, engineering, or mathematics), you qualify for an additional 24-month STEM OPT extension, giving you up to 3 years of work authorisation.
This makes the F-1 + OPT pathway one of the most common launchpads for international talent in the US. Many founders and professionals use STEM OPT as a bridge while applying for the H-1B lottery or building their profile for an O-1A visa. The F-1 also allows Curricular Practical Training (CPT) for internships and co-ops during your studies.
Who is it for?
The F-1 is for anyone enrolling in a full-time degree programme at a SEVP-certified US institution. This includes bachelor's, master's, and doctoral students across all fields. If you're considering a US degree and want to work in America afterward, the F-1 is your entry point.
It's especially valuable for STEM students, who get up to 3 years of post-graduation work. For aspiring founders, the F-1/OPT period is often when you build the track record that qualifies you for an O-1A or EB-1A later. Many successful startup founders started their US journey on an F-1.
What are the requirements
Acceptance at a SEVP-Certified School
You must be accepted into a full-time programme at a Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) certified institution and receive a Form I-20.
Proof of Financial Support
Demonstrate that you can cover tuition and living expenses for at least the first year. This can be personal funds, scholarships, or sponsor support.
Non-Immigrant Intent
At the consular interview, you must demonstrate intent to return to your home country after completing your studies (though transitioning to a work visa later is common and accepted).
English Proficiency
Most schools require proof of English proficiency through TOEFL, IELTS, or equivalent tests. Some programmes waive this for students from English-speaking countries.
Visa Timeline
Concord Processing Time
Premium Processing Time
USCIS Processing Time
Get accepted into a SEVP-certified programme and receive your Form I-20 from the school's Designated School Official (DSO).
Varies (application dependent)
Pay the I-901 SEVIS fee ($350) and complete the DS-160 online visa application form.
1–2 days
Attend the visa interview at a US consulate with your I-20, financial documents, and proof of ties to your home country.
1–4 weeks (scheduling)
1–2 weeks
1–2 weeks
~4–8 weeks (after acceptance)
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